Structural adhesive bonding is used in many critical applications, but the performance of such joints relies on the integrity of the bond between adhesive and substrate. Such bonding involves layers only a few atoms thick and this talk will consider how surface analysis methods are able to provide us with analytical information which will lead to optimum performance in the most demanding of applications.

5G was launched in January 2019. What has been adopted; what infrastructure changes have occurred; was the early hype realised; has it affected the economy; have new technologies developed; what is the future in the UK of 5G technology? Have GCHQ worries about the security to vital infostructure and infrastructure materialised?